This socio-economic vulnerability report assesses the vulnerability to climate change of two critical sectors of household livelihood systems: health and rural infrastructure. The major outputs of the report are: (1) a detailed assessment of vulnerability to climate change threats in highly exposed provinces, including a scaling up to general findings concerning zones of the basin sharing similar social and environmental characteristics; and (2) the identification of adaptation priorities for these "hotspot provinces" and the broader "livelihood zones." The report is part of the Climate Change Impact and Adaptation Study of the USAID Mekong ARCC project.